Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Cook the vegetables: Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion and cook 3–4 minutes. Stir in garlic, then add mushrooms, salt, and pepper. Cook until mushrooms release their liquid and start to brown. Add spinach and cook until wilted. Remove from heat.
Make the ricotta mixture: In a mixing bowl, combine ricotta, egg, Parmesan, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper. Mix until smooth.
Assemble the lasagna:
Spread 1 cup marinara sauce on the bottom of the baking dish.
Add a layer of lasagna noodles.
Spread one-third of the ricotta mixture over the noodles.
Add one-third of the mushroom-spinach filling.
Sprinkle one cup mozzarella.
Add a thin layer of marinara.
Repeat for three layers total.
Top with remaining marinara, mozzarella, and Parmesan.
Cover with foil and bake 25 minutes. Remove foil and bake another 15–20 minutes, until bubbly and golden.
Let rest 10–15 minutes before slicing.